chủ nghĩa

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The Vietnamese word "chủ nghĩa" translates to "doctrine" or "-ism" in English. It is used to describe a set of beliefs, principles, or a philosophy that guides a particular way of thinking or acting. You will often see it used in various contexts, especially in political, economic, or philosophical discussions.

Usage Instructions:

• "Chủ nghĩa" is a noun and is often combined with another word to specify the type of doctrine or belief system.
• When using it in sentences, you usually place it before the specific belief or ideology to indicate what kind of doctrine you are referring to.

Examples:

1. Chủ nghĩa duy tâm - This means "idealism," a philosophy that emphasizes the importance of the mind and ideas over material things.
2. Chủ nghĩa tư bản - This translates to "capitalism," an economic system where trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit.

Advanced Usage:

• You can also use "chủ nghĩa" in more complex phrases to describe various political or philosophical movements. For example:
  • Chủ nghĩa hiện thực - "realism," which refers to a focus on practical and actual situations rather than ideals or theories.
  • Chủ nghĩa xã hội - "socialism," a political and economic theory advocating for social ownership and democratic control of the means of production.

Word Variants:

• Chủ nghĩa can be modified to create adjectives by adding specific terms:
  • Hiện thực chủ nghĩa - "realist," referring to someone who adheres to realism.
  • Tư bản chủ nghĩa - "capitalist," referring to someone who supports capitalism.

Different Meanings:

While "chủ nghĩa" primarily refers to doctrines or ideologies, it can also imply a strong commitment to a particular belief system or practice.

Synonyms:

• You may also encounter words like "học thuyết" which means "theory" or "doctrine," but "chủ nghĩa" is more commonly used in the context of political and philosophical ideologies.

Academic

noun

1. Doctrine, -ism
   • chủ nghĩa duy tâm
     idealism
   • chủ nghĩa tư bản
     capitalism

adj

1. -ist
   • hiện thực chủ nghĩa
     realist
   • tư bản chủ nghĩa
     capitalist